The Environment and Cancer Research Foundation

Welcome

The Environment and Cancer Research Foundation promotes scientific research on the association between the environment, cancer and other chronic diseases.

contribute to the foundation

Banktransfer

Bank name: Swedbank
IBAN: SE 80 8000 0845 2569 3323 1091
BIC: SWEDSESS

Account: FORSKNINGSSTIFTELSEN MILJO OCH CANCER

Address: Studievägen 35, SE-702 17, Orebro, Sweden

Bank Address (if needed):
Drottninggatan 20, SE-702 10, Orebro, Sweden

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research

presentations

Seminar Jan 16th 2024

Seminar Jan 16th 2024

A seminar with Dr Lennart Hardell together with the Swedish “Strålskyddsstiftelsen”, January 16 2024. Note: The seminar and information is in Swedish.

https://www.stralskyddsstiftelsen.se/2023/12/17/seminarium-om-halsorisker-med-5g-i-stockholm/

Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8iTnv8jNgeE

publications

Aug 2024:

Statement by ICBE-EMF:
Electromagnetic Hypersensitivity (EHS) is a humanitarian crisis that
requires an urgent response:
https://icbe-emf.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/EHS-statement-ICBE-EMF-24-08-12.pdf

June 2024:

Reviews on Environmental Health with open access. Hardell, Lennart and Nilsson, Mona. “Summary of seven Swedish case reports on the microwave syndrome associated with 5G radiofrequency radiation” Reviews on Environmental Health, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1515/reveh-2024-0017

Article: https://radiationprotection.se/5g/the-first-study-in-the-world-5g-health-risks/

-2022:

Nyberg NR, McCredden JE, Weller G, Hardell L. The European Union prioritises economics over health in the rollout of radiofrequency technologies. Reviews on Environmental Health, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1515/reveh-2022-0106

Carlberg M, Hedendahl LK, Koppel T, Hardell L. High ambient radiofrequency radiation in Stockholm city, Sweden. Oncol Lett 2019; 17: 1777-1783.

Koppel T, Ahonen M, Carlberg M, Hedendahl LK, Hardell L. Radiofrequency radiation from nearby mobile phone base stations a case comparison of one low and one high exposure apartment. Oncol Lett. 2019;18(5):5383-5391. DOI: 10.3892/ol.2019.10899

Hardell L, Carlberg M, Hedendahl LK, Koppel M, Ahonen M. Environmental radiofrequency radiation at the Järntorget Square in Stockholm Old Town, Sweden in May, 2018, compared with results on brain and heart tumour risks in rats exposed to 1.8 GHz base station environmental emissions. World Academy of Sciences Journal 2019; 1: 47-54.

Hardell L. Comment. Notes on parliament hearing in Tallinn, Estonia June 4, 2019 as regards the deployment of the fifth generation, 5G, of wireless communication. World Academy of Sciences Journal 2019;1(6):275-282. DOI: 10.3892/wasj.2019.28

Miller AB, Sears ME, Morgan LL, Davis DL, Hardell L, Oremus M, Soskolne CL. Risks to Health and Well-Being From Radio-Frequency Radiation Emitted by Cell Phones and Other Wireless Devices. Front. Public Health. 2019;7:223. DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2019.00223

Carlberg M, Hedendahl L, Koppel T, Hardell L. High ambient radiofrequency radiation in Stockholm city, Sweden. Oncol Lett. 2019;17(2):1777-1783. DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9789..

Hardell L, Carlberg M. Comments on the US National Toxicology Program technical reports on toxicology and carcinogenesis study in rats exposed to whole-body radiofrequency radiation at 900 MHz and in mice exposed to whole-body radiofrequency radiation at 1,900 MHz. Int J Oncol. 2019 ;54(1):111-127. DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4606.

Hardell L, Nyberg R. Appeals that matter or not on a moratorium on the deployment of the fifth generation, 5G, for microwave radiation.
Mol Clin Oncol. 2020;12(3):247-257

Carlberg M, Koppel T, Ahonen M, Hardell L. Case-control study on occupational exposure to extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields and the association with acoustic neuroma. Environ Res. 2020 Aug;187:109621. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109621.

Hardell L, Carlberg M, Koppel T, Nordström M, Hedendahl LK. Central nervous system lymphoma and radiofrequency radiation – A case report and incidence data in the Swedish Cancer Register on non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Med Hypotheses. 2020 Jun 29;144:110052. doi: 10.1016/j.mehy.2020.110052.

Hardell L, Carlberg M. Health risks from radiofrequency radiation, including 5G, should be assessed by experts with no conflicts of interest. Oncol Lett. 2020 Oct;20(4):15. doi: Had10.3892/ol.2020.11876.

Hardell L. Nilsson M, Koppel T, Carlberg M. Aspects on the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) 2020 guidelines on radiofrequency radiation. J Cancer Sci Clin Ther 2021;5:250-283.

Hardell L. Health Council of the Netherlands and evaluation of the fifth generation, 5G. for wireless communication and cancer risks. World J Clin Oncology 2021;12:393-403.

Belpomme D, Carlo GL, Irigaray P, Carpenter DO, Hardell L, Kundi M, et al. The critical importance of molecular biomarkers and imaging in the study of electrohypersensitivity. A scientific consensus international report. Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Jul; 22(14): 7321. Published online 2021 Jul 7. doi: 10.3390/ijms22147321. PMID: 34298941

Hardell L, Carlberg M. Lost opportunities for cancer prevention: historical evidence on early warnings with emphasis on radiofrequency radiation. Rev Environ Health. 2021; 36: 585-597. doi: 10.1515/reveh-2020-0168.

Koppel T, Ahonen M, Carlberg M, Hardell L. Very high radiofrequency radiation at Skeppsbron in Stockholm, Sweden from mobile phone base station antennas positioned close to pedestrians’ heads. Environ Res. 2022;208:112627. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112627

Koppel T, Hardell L. Measurements of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields, including 5G, in the city of Columbia, SC, USA. World Acad Sci J 2022; 4:23

Carpenter DO, Hardell L, Sage C. Evidence base on the potential carcinogenicity of radiofrequency radiation. JAMA Oncol. Published online April 21, 2022. doi:10.1001/jamaoncol.2022.0928

Hardell L, Moskowitz JM. A critical analysis of the MOBI-Kids study of wireless phone use in childhood and adolescence and brain tumor risk. Rev Environ Health. 2022 May 5. doi: 10.1515/reveh-2022-0040.

appeals/letters

In general

ICNIRP

External links

national toxicology program

In general

2018-03-12 Comment NTP-reports Hardell

External links

Comments on the US National Toxicology Program technical reports on toxicology and carcinogenesis study in rats exposed to whole-body radiofrequency radiation at 900 MHz and in mice exposed to whole-body radiofrequency radiation at 1,900 MHz.
Int J Oncol. 2018;doi: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4606. Open Access

articles

Brain tumors

Carlberg M, Koppel T, Ahonen M, Hardell L.
Case-control study on occupational exposure to extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields and the association with acoustic neuroma.
Environ Res. 2020;187:109621. Abstract

Carlberg M, Koppel T, Ahonen M, Hardell L.
Case-Control Study on Occupational Exposure to Extremely Low-Frequency Electromagnetic
Fields and the Association with Meningioma.
Biomed Res Int. 2018;2018:5912394. Open Access

Hardell L, Carlberg M.
Mobile phones, cordless phones and rates of brain tumors in different age groups in the Swedish National Inpatient Register and the Swedish Cancer Register during 1998-2015.
PLoS One. 2017 Oct 4;12(10):e0185461. Open access

Carlberg M, Hardell L.
Evaluation of Mobile Phone and Cordless Phone Use and Glioma Risk Using the Bradford Hill Viewpoints from 1965 on Association or Causation.
Biomed Res Int. 2017;2017:9218486. Open Access

Carlberg M, Koppel T, Ahonen M, Hardell L.
Case-control study on occupational exposure to extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields and glioma risk.
Am J Ind Med. 2017 May;60(5):494-503. Abstract

Carlberg M, Hardell L.
Pooled analysis of Swedish case-control studies during 1997-2003 and 2007-2009 on meningioma risk associated with the use of mobile and cordless phones.
Oncol Rep. 2015 Jun;33(6):3093-8. Open Access

Hardell L, Carlberg M.
Increasing rates of brain tumours in the Swedish national inpatient register and the causes of death register.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2015 Apr 3;12(4):3793-813. Open Access

Hardell L, Carlberg M.
Mobile phone and cordless phone use and the risk for glioma – Analysis of pooled case-control studies in Sweden, 1997-2003 and 2007-2009.
Pathophysiology. 2015 Mar;22(1):1-13. Abstract

Carlberg M, Hardell L.
Decreased survival of glioma patients with astrocytoma grade IV (glioblastoma multiforme) associated with long-term use of mobile and cordless phones.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2014 Oct 16;11(10):10790-805. Open Access

Hardell L, Carlberg M.
Using the Hill viewpoints from 1965 for evaluating strengths of evidence of the risk for brain tumors associated with use of mobile and cordless phones.
Rev Environ Health. 2013;28(2-3):97-106. Abstract

Hardell L, Carlberg M, Söderqvist F, Hansson Mild K.
Case-control study of the association between malignant brain tumours diagnosed between 2007 and 2009 and mobile and cordless phone use.
Int J Oncol. 2013 Dec;43(6):1833-45. Open Access

Hardell L, Carlberg M, Söderqvist F, Hansson Mild K.
Pooled analysis of case-control studies on acoustic neuroma diagnosed 1997-2003 and 2007-2009 and use of mobile and cordless phones.
Int J Oncol. 2013 Oct;43(4):1036-44. Open Access

Carlberg M, Söderqvist F, Hansson Mild K, Hardell L.
Meningioma patients diagnosed 2007-2009 and the association with use of mobile and cordless phones: a case-control study.
Environ Health. 2013 Jul 19;12(1):60. Open Access

Hardell L, Carlberg M, Hansson Mild K.
Use of mobile phones and cordless phones is associated with increased risk for glioma and acoustic neuroma.
Pathophysiology. 2013 Apr;20(2):85-110. Open Access

Hardell L, Carlberg M.
Use of mobile and cordless phones and survival of patients with glioma.
Neuroepidemiology. 2013;40(2):101-8. Abstract

Carlberg M, Hardell L.
On the association between glioma, wireless phones, heredity and ionising radiation.
Pathophysiology. 2012 Sep;19(4):243-52. Open Access

Söderqvist F, Carlberg M, Hardell L.
Review of four publications on the Danish cohort study on mobile phone subscribers and risk of brain tumors.
Rev Environ Health. 2012;27(1):51-8. Review. Abstract

Hardell L, Carlberg M, Hansson Mild K.
Pooled analysis of case-control studies on malignant brain tumours and the use of mobile and cordless phones including living and deceased subjects.
Int J Oncol. 2011 May;38(5):1465-74. Open Access

Hardell L, Carlberg M, Hansson Mild K.
Mobile phone use and the risk for malignant brain tumors: a case-control study on deceased cases and controls.
Neuroepidemiology. 2010 Aug;35(2):109-14. Abstract

Hardell L, Carlberg M.
Mobile phones, cordless phones and the risk for brain tumours.
Int J Oncol. 2009 Jul;35(1):5-17. Open Access

Khurana VG, Teo C, Kundi M, Hardell L, Carlberg M.
Cell phones and brain tumors: a review including the long-term epidemiologic data.
Surg Neurol. 2009 Sep;72(3):205-14. Abstract

Brain tumors cont.

Hardell L, Carlberg M, Hansson Mild K.
Epidemiological evidence for an association between use of wireless phones and tumor diseases.
Pathophysiology. 2009 Aug;16(2-3):113-22. Open Access

Hardell L, Carlberg M, Söderqvist F, Hansson Mild K.
Meta-analysis of long-term mobile phone use and the association with brain tumours.
Int J Oncol. 2008 May;32(5):1097-103. Open Access

Hardell L, Carlberg M, Söderqvist F, Hansson Mild K, Morgan LL.
Long-term use of cellular phones and brain tumours: increased risk associated with use for > or =10 years.
Occup Environ Med. 2007 Sep;64(9):626-32. Open Access

Hansson Mild K, Hardell L, Carlberg M.
Pooled analysis of two Swedish case-control studies on the use of mobile and cordless telephones and the risk of brain tumours diagnosed during 1997-2003.
Int J Occup Saf Ergon. 2007;13(1):63-71. Open Access

Hardell L, Hansson Mild K, Carlberg M, Söderqvist F.
Tumour risk associated with use of cellular telephones or cordless desktop telephones.
World J Surg Oncol. 2006 Oct 11;4:74. Open Access

Hardell L, Carlberg M, Hansson Mild K.
Pooled analysis of two case-control studies on use of cellular and cordless telephones and the risk for malignant brain tumours diagnosed in 1997-2003.
Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2006 Sep;79(8):630-9. Abstract

Hardell L, Carlberg M, Hansson Mild K.
Pooled analysis of two case-control studies on the use of cellular and cordless telephones and the risk of benign brain tumours diagnosed during 1997-2003.
Int J Oncol. 2006 Feb;28(2):509-18. Open Access

Hardell L, Hansson Mild K, Carlberg M, Hallquist A.
Cellular and cordless telephone use and the association with brain tumors in different age groups.
Arch Environ Health. 2004 Mar;59(3):132-7. Abstract

Hardell L, Carlberg M, Hansson Mild K.
Case-control study of the association between the use of cellular and cordless telephones and malignant brain tumors diagnosed during 2000-2003.
Environ Res. 2006 Feb;100(2):232-41. Abstract

Hardell L, Carlberg M, Hansson Mild K.
Case-control study on cellular and cordless telephones and the risk for acoustic neuroma or meningioma in patients diagnosed 2000-2003.
Neuroepidemiology. 2005;25(3):120-8. Abstract

Hansson Mild K, Carlberg M, Wilén J, Hardell L.
How to combine the use of different mobile and cordless telephones in epidemiological studies on brain tumours?
Eur J Cancer Prev. 2005 Jun;14(3):285-8. Abstract

Hardell L, Carlberg M, Hansson Mild K.
Use of cellular telephones and brain tumour risk in urban and rural areas.
Occup Environ Med. 2005 Jun;62(6):390-4. Open Access

Kundi M, Hansson Mild K, Hardell L, Mattsson MO.
Mobile telephones and cancer–a review of epidemiological evidence.
J Toxicol Environ Health B Crit Rev. 2004 Sep-Oct;7(5):351-84. Abstract

Hansson Mild K, Hardell L, Kundi M, Mattsson MO.
Mobile telephones and cancer: is there really no evidence of an association? (review).
Int J Mol Med. 2003 Jul;12(1):67-72. Abstract

Hardell L, Hansson Mild K, Sandström M, Carlberg M, Hallquist A, Påhlson A.
Vestibular schwannoma, tinnitus and cellular telephones.
Neuroepidemiology. 2003 Mar-Apr;22(2):124-9. Abstract

Hardell L, Hansson Mild K, Carlberg M.
Further aspects on cellular and cordless telephones and brain tumours.
Int J Oncol. 2003 Feb;22(2):399-407. Abstract

Hardell L, Hansson Mild K, Carlberg M.
Case-control study on the use of cellular and cordless phones and the risk for malignant brain tumours.
Int J Radiat Biol. 2002 Oct;78(10):931-6. Abstract

Hardell L, Hallquist A, Hansson Mild K, Carlberg M, Påhlson A, Lilja A.
Cellular and cordless telephones and the risk for brain tumours.
Eur J Cancer Prev. 2002 Aug;11(4):377-86. Abstract

Hardell L, Hansson Mild K, Påhlson A, Hallquist A.
Ionizing radiation, cellular telephones and the risk for brain tumours.
Eur J Cancer Prev. 2001 Dec;10(6):523-9. Abstract

Hardell L, Näsman Å, Påhlson A, Hallquist A.
Case-control study on radiology work, medical x-ray investigations, and use of cellular telephones as risk factors for brain tumors.
MedGenMed. 2000 May 4;2(2):E2. Open Access (skapa ett gratis konto hos Medscape för att läsa artikeln)

Hardell L, Näsman Å, Påhlson A, Hallquist A, Hansson Mild K.
Use of cellular telephones and the risk for brain tumours: A case-control study.
Int J Oncol. 1999 Jul;15(1):113-6. Abstract

Hardell L, Tondel M, Flodin U, Sköldestig A, Axelson O, Jakobsson S, Eriksson M, Carlsson G.
Ökad incidens av hjärntumörer. Studie på svenska barn och ungdomar i åldern 0–19 år.
Lakartidningen. 1997 Feb 26;94(9):728-31. Open Access

Thyroid cancer

Carlberg M, Hedendahl L, Ahonen M, Koppel T, Hardell L.
Increasing incidence of thyroid cancer in the Nordic countries with main focus on Swedish data.
BMC Cancer. 2016 Jul 7;16:426. Open Access

Wingren G, Hallquist A, Hardell L.
Diagnostic X-ray exposure and female papillary thyroid cancer: a pooled analysis of two Swedish studies.
Eur J Cancer Prev. 1997 Dec;6(6):550-6. Abstract

Karlsson MG, Hardell L, Hallquist A.
No association between immunohistochemical expression of p53, c-erbB-2, Ki-67, estrogen and progesterone receptors in female papillary thyroid cancer and ionizing radiation.
Cancer Lett. 1997 Dec 9;120(2):173-7. Abstract

Wingren G, Hallquist A, Degerman A, Hardell L.
Occupation and female papillary cancer of the thyroid.
J Occup Environ Med. 1995 Mar;37(3):294-7. Abstract

Thyroid cancer cont.

Hallquist A, Hardell L, Degerman A, Boquist L.
Thyroid cancer: reproductive factors, previous diseases, drug intake, family history and diet. A case-control study.
Eur J Cancer Prev. 1994 Nov;3(6):481-8. Abstract

Hallquist A, Hardell L, Degerman A, Wingren G, Boquist L.
Medical diagnostic and therapeutic ionizing radiation and the risk for thyroid cancer: a case-control study.
Eur J Cancer Prev. 1994 May;3(3):259-67. Abstract

Hallquist A, Hardell L, Löfroth PO.
External radiotherapy prior to thyroid cancer: a case-control study.
Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 1993 Dec 1;27(5):1085-9. Abstract

Hallquist A, Hardell L, Degerman A, Boquist L.
Occupational exposures and thyroid cancer: results of a case-control study.
Eur J Cancer Prev. 1993 Jul;2(4):345-9. Abstract

Malignant melanoma

Hardell L, Carlberg M, Hansson Mild K, Eriksson M.
Case-control study on the use of mobile and cordless phones and the risk for malignant melanoma in the head and neck region.
Pathophysiology. 2011 Sep;18(4):325-33. Open Access

Sarcoma

Hardell L, Eriksson M, Athlin L, Hansson M, Rappe C.
Adipose-tissue concentrations of dioxins and dibenzofurans in potentially exposed patients with malignant-lymphoma or sarcoma.
Oncol Rep. 1995 Sep;2(5):749-53. Abstract

Hardell L, Eriksson M, Degerman A.
Metaanalysis of 4 Swedish case-control studies on exposure to pesticides as risk-factor for soft-tissue sarcoma including the relation to tumor-localization and histopathological type.
Int J Oncol. 1995 Apr;6(4):847-51. Abstract

Hardell L.
Phenoxy herbicides, chlorophenols, soft-tissue sarcoma (STS) and malignant lymphoma.
Br J Cancer. 1993 May;67(5):1154-6. Open Access

Hardell L.
Hexachlorophene exposure in a young patient with soft tissue sarcoma.
Br J Ind Med. 1992 Oct;49(10):743. Open Access

Eriksson M, Hardell L.
Employment in pulp mills as a possible risk factor for soft tissue sarcoma: a case report.
Br J Ind Med. 1991 Apr;48(4):288. Open Access

Sarcoma cont.

Eriksson M, Hardell L, Adami HO.
Exposure to dioxins as a risk factor for soft tissue sarcoma: a population-based case-control study.
J Natl Cancer Inst. 1990 Mar 21;82(6):486-90. Abstract

Hardell L, Eriksson M.
The association between soft tissue sarcomas and exposure to phenoxyacetic acids. A new case-referent study.
Cancer. 1988 Aug 1;62(3):652-6. Open Access

Hardell L, Moss A, Osmond D, Volberding P.
Exposure to hair dyes and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins in AIDS patients with Kaposi sarcoma: an epidemiological investigation.
Cancer Detect Prev Suppl. 1987;1:567-70. Abstract

Hardell L.
Relation of soft-tissue sarcoma, malignant lymphoma and colon cancer to phenoxy acids, chlorophenols and other agents.
Scand J Work Environ Health. 1981 Jun;7(2):119-30. Open Access

Eriksson M, Hardell L, Berg NO, Möller T, Axelson O.
Soft-tissue sarcomas and exposure to chemical substances: a case-referent study.
Br J Ind Med. 1981 Feb;38(1):27-33. Open Access

Hardell L, Sandström A.
Case-control study: soft-tissue sarcomas and exposure to phenoxyacetic acids or chlorophenols.
Br J Cancer. 1979 Jun;39(6):711-7. Open Access

Lymphoma and leukemia

Hardell L, Carlberg M, Koppel T, Nordström M, Hedendahl LK.
Central nervous system lymphoma and radiofrequency radiation – A case report and incidence data in the Swedish Cancer Register on non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
Med Hypotheses. 2020;144:110052. Open Access

Hardell K, Carlberg M, Hardell L, Björnfoth H, Ericson Jogsten I, Eriksson M, Van Bavel B, Lindström G.
Concentrations of organohalogen compounds and titres of antibodies to Epstein-Barr virus antigens and the risk for non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
Oncol Rep. 2009 Jun;21(6):1567-76. Open Access

Eriksson M, Hardell L, Carlberg M, Akerman M.
Pesticide exposure as risk factor for non-Hodgkin lymphoma including histopathological subgroup analysis.
Int J Cancer. 2008 Oct 1;123(7):1657-63. doi: 10.1002/ijc.23589. Open Access

Hardell L, Eriksson M, Carlberg M, Sundström C, Hansson Mild K.
Use of cellular or cordless telephones and the risk for non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma.
Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2005 Sep;78(8):625-32. Epub 2005 Oct 12. Abstract

Hardell L, Eriksson M.
Is the decline of the increasing incidence of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in Sweden and other countries a result of cancer preventive measures?
Environ Health Perspect. 2003 Nov;111(14):1704-6. Open Access

Hardell L, Eriksson M, Nordström M.
Exposure to pesticides as risk factor for non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma and hairy cell leukemia: pooled analysis of two Swedish case-control studies.
Leuk Lymphoma. 2002 May;43(5):1043-9. Abstract

Axelson O, Fredrikson M, Akerblom G, Hardell L
Leukemia in childhood and adolescence and exposure to ionizing radiation in homes built from uranium-containing alum shale concrete.
Epidemiology. 2002 Mar;13(2):146-50. Abstract

Hardell E, Eriksson M, Lindström G, Van Bavel B, Linde A, Carlberg M, Liljegren G.
Case-control study on concentrations of organohalogen compounds and titers of antibodies to Epstein-Barr virus antigens in the etiology of non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
Leuk Lymphoma. 2001 Aug;42(4):619-29. Abstract

Hardell L, Lindström G, van Bavel B, Hardell K, Linde A, Carlberg M, Liljegren G.
Adipose tissue concentrations of dioxins and dibenzofurans, titers of antibodies to Epstein-Barr virus early antigen and the risk for non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
Environ Res. 2001 Oct;87(2):99-107. Abstract

Nordström M, Hardell L, Linde A, Schloss L, Näsman A.
Elevated antibody levels to Epstein-Bbarr virus antigens in patients with hairy cell leukemia compared to controls in relation to exposure to pesticides, organic solvents, animals, and exhausts.
Oncol Res. 1999;11(11-12):539-44. Abstract

Nordström M, Hardell L, Fredrikson M.
Previous medical history and medications as risk factors for hairy cell leukaemia.
Oncol Rep. 1999 Mar-Apr;6(2):415-9. Abstract

Hardell L, Eriksson M.
A case-control study of non-Hodgkin lymphoma and exposure to pesticides.
Cancer. 1999 Mar 15;85(6):1353-60. Abstract

Hardell L, Lindström G, van Bavel B, Wingfors H, Sundelin E, Liljegren G.
Concentrations of the flame retardant 2,2′,4,4′-tetrabrominated diphenyl ether in human adipose tissue in Swedish persons and the risk for non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma.
Oncol Res. 1998;10(8):429-32. Abstract

Hardell L, Lindström G, van Bavel B, Wingfors H, Sundelin E, Liljegren G, Lindholm P.
Ökar flamskyddsmedel risken för non-Hodgkin-lymfom? Halterna av polybromerade difenyletrar ökar i miljön
Läkartidningen. 1998 Dec 16;95(51-52):5890-3. Open Access

Lymphoma and leukemia cont.

Hardell L, Axelson O.
Environmental and occupational aspects on the etiology of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma.
Oncol Res. 1998;10(1):1-5. Review. Abstract

Hardell L, Lindström G, van Bavel B, Fredrikson M, Liljegren G.
Some aspects of the etiology of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma.
Environ Health Perspect. 1998 Apr;106 Suppl 2:679-81. Review. Open Access

Nordström M, Hardell L, Magnuson A, Hagberg H, Rask-Andersen A.
Occupational exposures, animal exposure and smoking as risk factors for hairy cell leukaemia evaluated in a case-control study.
Br J Cancer. 1998 Jun;77(11):2048-52. Open Access

Nordström M, Hardell L, Magnusson A, Hagberg H, Rask-Andersen A.
Occupation and occupational exposure to UV light as risk factors for hairy cell leukaemia evaluated in a case-control study.
Eur J Cancer Prev. 1997 Oct;6(5):467-72. Review. Abstract

Lindström G, van Bavel B, Hardell L, Liljegren G.
Identification of the flame retardants polybrominated diphenyl ethers in adipose tissue from patients with non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma in Sweden.
Oncol Rep. 1997 Sep-Oct;4(5):999-1000. Abstract

Hardell L, Liljegren G, Lindström G, van Bavel B, Broman K, Fredrikson M, Hagberg H, Nordström M, Johansson B.
Increased concentrations of chlordane in adipose tissue from non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma patients compared with controls without a malignant disease.
Int J Oncol. 1996 Dec;9(6):1139-42. Abstract

Hardell L, van Bavel B, Lindström G, Fredrikson M, Hagberg H, Liljegren G, Nordström M, Johansson B.
Higher concentrations of specific polychlorinated biphenyl congeners in adipose tissue from non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma patients compared with controls without a malignant disease.
Int J Oncol. 1996 Oct;9(4):603-8. Abstract

Raskandersen A, Hagberg H, Hardell L, Nordström M.
Is hairy-cell leukemia more common among farmers – a pilot-study.
Oncol Rep. 1995 May;2(3):447-50. Abstract

Hardell L, Eriksson M, Degerman A.
Exposure to phenoxyacetic acids, chlorophenols, or organic solvents in relation to histopathology, stage, and anatomical localization of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma.
Cancer Res. 1994 May 1;54(9):2386-9. Open Access

Hardell L.
Phenoxy herbicides, chlorophenols, soft-tissue sarcoma (STS) and malignant lymphoma.
Br J Cancer. 1993 May;67(5):1154-6. Open Access

Eriksson M, Hardell L, Malker H, Weiner J.
Malignant lymphoproliferative diseases in occupations with potential exposure to phenoxyacetic acids or dioxins: a register-based study.
Am J Ind Med. 1992;22(3):305-12. Abstract

Flodin U, Fredriksson M, Persson B, Hardell L, Axelson O.
Background radiation, electrical work, and some other exposures associated with acute myeloid leukemia in a case-referent study.
Arch Environ Health. 1986 Mar-Apr;41(2):77-84. Abstract

Hardell L, Bengtsson NO.
Epidemiological study of socioeconomic factors and clinical findings in Hodgkin’s disease, and reanalysis of previous data regarding chemical exposure.
Br J Cancer. 1983 Aug;48(2):217-25. Open Access

Hardell L.
Relation of soft-tissue sarcoma, malignant lymphoma and colon cancer to phenoxy acids, chlorophenols and other agents.
Scand J Work Environ Health. 1981 Jun;7(2):119-30. Open Access

Hardell L, Eriksson M, Lenner P, Lundgren E.
Malignant lymphoma and exposure to chemicals, especially organic solvents, chlorophenols and phenoxy acids: a case-control study.
Br J Cancer. 1981 Feb;43(2):169-76. Open Access

Testicular cancer

Hardell L, Carlberg M, Ohlson CG, Westberg H, Eriksson M, Hansson Mild K.
Use of cellular and cordless telephones and risk of testicular cancer.
Int J Androl. 2007 Apr;30(2):115-22. Abstract

Hardell L, van Bavel B, Lindström G, Eriksson M, Carlberg M.
In utero exposure to persistent organic pollutants in relation to testicular cancer risk.
Int J Androl. 2006 Feb;29(1):228-34. Abstract

Westberg HB, Hardell LO, Malmqvist N, Ohlson CG, Axelson O.
On the use of different measures of exposure-experiences from a case-control study on testicular cancer and PVC exposure.
J Occup Environ Hyg. 2005 Jul;2(7):351-6. Abstract

Hardell L, van Bavel B, Lindström G, Carlberg M, Eriksson M, Dreifaldt AC, Wijkström H, Starkhammar H, Hallquist A, Kolmert T.
Concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls in blood and the risk for testicular cancer.
Int J Androl. 2004 Oct;27(5):282-90. Abstract

Testicular cancer cont.

Hardell L, Malmqvist N, Ohlson CG, Westberg H, Eriksson M.
Testicular cancer and occupational exposure to polyvinyl chloride plastics: a case-control study.
Int J Cancer. 2004 Apr 10;109(3):425-9. Open Access

Hardell L, van Bavel B, Lindström G, Carlberg M, Dreifaldt AC, Wijkström H, Starkhammar H, Eriksson M, Hallquist A, Kolmert T.
Increased concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls, hexachlorobenzene, and chlordanes in mothers of men with testicular cancer.
Environ Health Perspect. 2003 Jun;111(7):930-4. Open Access

Hardell L, Näsman A, Ohlson CG, Fredrikson M.
Case-control study on risk factors for testicular cancer.
Int J Oncol. 1998 Dec;13(6):1299-303. Abstract

Hardell L, Ohlson CG, Fredrikson M.
Occupational exposure to polyvinyl chloride as a risk factor for testicular cancer evaluated in a case-control study.
Int J Cancer. 1997 Dec 10;73(6):828-30. Open Access

Other types of cancer

Hardell E, Kärrman A, van Bavel B, Bao J, Carlberg M, Hardell L.
Case-control study on perfluorinated alkyl acids (PFAAs) and the risk of prostate cancer.
Environ Int. 2014 Feb;63:35-9. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2013.10.005. Abstract

Söderqvist F, Carlberg M, Hardell L.
Use of wireless phones and the risk of salivary gland tumours: a case-control study.
Eur J Cancer Prev. 2012 Nov;21(6):576-9. Abstract

Belpomme D, Irigaray P, Hardell L, Clapp R, Montagnier L, Epstein S, Sasco AJ.
The multitude and diversity of environmental carcinogens.
Environ Res. 2007 Nov;105(3):414-29. Abstract

Hardell L, Carlberg M, Hardell K, Björnfoth H, Wickbom G, Ionescu M, van Bavel B, Lindström G.
Decreased survival in pancreatic cancer patients with high concentrations of organochlorines in adipose tissue.
Biomed Pharmacother. 2007 Dec;61(10):659-64. Abstract

Belpomme D, Irigaray P, Sasco AJ, Newby JA, Howard V, Clapp R, Hardell L.
The growing incidence of cancer: role of lifestyle and screening detection (Review).
Int J Oncol. 2007 May;30(5):1037-49. Review. Open Access

Hardell L, Lindström G, van Bavel B, Wedrén H, Melgaard B.
High concentrations of organochlorines in a patient with kidney cancer and anorexia-cachexia syndrome.
Med Chem. 2006 Nov;2(6):607-10. Abstract

Hardell L, Andersson SO, Carlberg M, Bohr L, van Bavel B, Lindström G, Björnfoth H, Ginman C.
Adipose tissue concentrations of persistent organic pollutants and the risk of prostate cancer.
J Occup Environ Med. 2006 Jul;48(7):700-7. Abstract

Tondel M, Lindgren P, Hjalmarsson P, Hardell L, Persson B.
Increased incidence of malignancies in Sweden after the Chernobyl accident–a promoting effect?
Am J Ind Med. 2006 Mar;49(3):159-68. Abstract

Hardell L, van Bavel B, Lindström G, Björnfoth H, Orgum P, Carlberg M, Sörensen CS, Graflund M.
Adipose tissue concentrations of p,p’-DDE and the risk for endometrial cancer.
Gynecol Oncol. 2004 Dec;95(3):706-11. Abstract

Tondel M, Hjalmarsson P, Hardell L, Carlsson G, Axelson O.
Increase of regional total cancer incidence in north Sweden due to the Chernobyl accident?
J Epidemiol Community Health. 2004 Dec;58(12):1011-6. Open Access

Hardell L, Hallquist A, Hansson Mild K, Carlberg M, Gertzén H, Schildt EB, Dahlqvist A.
No association between the use of cellular or cordless telephones and salivary gland tumours.
Occup Environ Med. 2004 Aug;61(8):675-9. Open Access

Dreifaldt AC, Carlberg M, Hardell L.
Increasing incidence rates of childhood malignant diseases in Sweden during the period 1960-1998.
Eur J Cancer. 2004 Jun;40(9):1351-60. Abstract

Schildt EB, Nylander K, Eriksson M, Hardell L, Magnusson A, Roos G.
Expression of p53, PCNA, Ki-67 and bcl-2 in relation to risk factors in oral cancer – a molecular epidemiological study.
Int J Oncol. 2003 Apr;22(4):861-8. Abstract

Hardell L, Dreifaldt AC.
Breast-feeding duration and the risk of malignant diseases in childhood in Sweden.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2001 Mar;55(3):179-85. Abstract

Hardell L, Sigvardsson S, Cloninger R, Przybeck TR.
Cancer risk among Swedish female alcoholics by age, birth cohort and severity of alcoholism.
Eur J Cancer Prev. 2000 Oct;9(5):297-301. Abstract

Ekström AM, Eriksson M, Hansson LE, Lindgren A, Signorello LB, Nyrén O, Hardell L.
Occupational exposures and risk of gastric cancer in a population-based case-control study.
Cancer Res. 1999 Dec 1;59(23):5932-7. Open Access

Other types of cancer cont.

Schildt EB, Eriksson M, Hardell L, Magnuson A.
Occupational exposures as risk factors for oral cancer evaluated in a Swedish case-control study.
Oncol Rep. 1999 Mar-Apr;6(2):317-20. Abstract

Liljegren G, Hardell L, Lindström G, Dahl P, Magnuson A.
Case-control study on breast cancer and adipose tissue concentrations of congener specific polychlorinated biphenyls, DDE and hexachlorobenzene.
Eur J Cancer Prev. 1998 Apr;7(2):135-40. Abstract

Eriksson M, Hardell L, Malker H, Weiner J.
Increased cancer incidence in physicians, dentists, and health care workers.
Oncol Rep. 1998 Nov-Dec;5(6):1413-8. Abstract

Schildt EB, Eriksson M, Hardell L, Magnuson A.
Oral infections and dental factors in relation to oral cancer: a Swedish case–control study.
Eur J Cancer Prev. 1998 Jun;7(3):201-6. Abstract

Schildt EB, Eriksson M, Hardell L, Magnuson A.
Oral snuff, smoking habits and alcohol consumption in relation to oral cancer in a Swedish case-control study.
Int J Cancer. 1998 Jul 29;77(3):341-6. Open Access

Tondel M, Carlsson G, Hardell L, Eriksson M, Jakobsson S, Flodin U, Sköldestig A, Axelson O.
Incidence of neoplasms in ages 0-19 y in parts of Sweden with high 137Cs fallout after the Chernobyl accident.
Health Phys. 1996 Dec;71(6):947-50. Abstract

Hardell L, Lindström G, Liljegren G, Dahl P, Magnuson A.
Increased concentrations of octachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in cases with breast cancer–results from a case-control study.
Eur J Cancer Prev. 1996 Oct;5(5):351-7. Abstract

Hardell L, Fredrikson M, Axelson O.
Case-control study on colon cancer regarding previous diseases and drug intake.
Int J Oncol. 1996 Mar;8(3):439-44. Abstract

Sigvardsson S, Hardell L, Przybeck TR, Cloninger R.
Increased cancer risk among Swedish female alcoholics.
Epidemiology. 1996 Mar;7(2):140-3. Abstract

Hardell L, Holmberg B, Malker H, Paulsson LE.
Exposure to extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields and the risk of malignant diseases–an evaluation of epidemiological and experimental findings.
Eur J Cancer Prev. 1995 Sep;4 Suppl 1:3-107. Abstract

Fredrikson M, Hardell L, Bengtsson N, Axelson O.
Colon-cancer and dietary habits – a case-control study.
Int J Oncol. 1995 Jul;7(1):133-41. Abstract

Hardell L, Fredrikson M, Eriksson M, Hansson M, Rappe C.
Adipose tissue concentrations of dioxins and dibenzofurans in patients with malignant lymphoproliferative diseases and in patients without a malignant disease.
Eur J Cancer Prev. 1995 Jun;4(3):225-9. Abstract

Hardell L, Degerman A, Tomic R, Marklund SL, Bergfors M.
Levels of selenium in plasma and glutathione peroxidase in erythrocytes in patients with prostate cancer or benign hyperplasia.
Eur J Cancer Prev. 1995 Feb;4(1):91-5. Abstract

Hardell L, Wing AM, Ljungberg B, Dreifaldt AC, Degerman A, Halmans G.
Levels of cadmium, zinc and copper in renal cell carcinoma and normal kidney.
Eur J Cancer Prev. 1994 Jan;3(1):45-8. Abstract

Hardell L, Danell M, Angqvist CA, Marklund SL, Fredriksson M, Zakari AL, Kjellgren A.
Levels of selenium in plasma and glutathione peroxidase in erythrocytes and the risk of breast cancer. A case-control study.
Biol Trace Elem Res. 1993 Feb;36(2):99-108. Abstract

Fredriksson M, Bengtsson NO, Hardell L, Axelson O.
Colon cancer, physical activity, and occupational exposures. A case-control study.
Cancer. 1989 May 1;63(9):1838-42. Open Access

Measurements of Radiofrequency radiation

Koppel T, Ahonen M, Carlberg M, Hedendahl LK, Hardell L.
Radiofrequency radiation from nearby mobile phone base stations-a case comparison of one low and one high exposure apartment.
Oncol Lett. 2019;18(5):5383-5391. Open Access

Hardell L, Carlberg M, Hedendahl LK, Koppel T, Ahonen M.
Environmental radiofrequency radiation at the Järntorget Square in Stockholm Old Town,
Sweden in May, 2018 compared with results on brain and heart tumour risks in
rats exposed to 1.8 GHz base station environmental emissions.
World Academy of Sciences Journal 2018;1,47-54. Open Access

Carlberg M, Hedendahl L, Koppel T, Hardell L.
High ambient radiofrequency radiation in Stockholm city, Sweden.
Oncology Lett. 2018. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2018.9789. Open Access

Hardell L, Carlberg M, Hedendahl LK.
Radiofrequency radiation from nearby base stations gives high levels in an apartment in Stockholm, Sweden: A case report.
Oncol Lett. 2018. DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8285. Open Access

Hedendahl LK, Carlberg M, Koppel T, Hardell L.
Measurements of Radiofrequency Radiation with a Body-Borne Exposimeter in Swedish Schools with Wi-Fi.
Front Public Health. 2017 Nov 20;5:279. Open Access

Hardell L, Carlberg M, Koppel T, Hedendahl L.
High radiofrequency radiation at Stockholm Old Town: An exposimeter study including the Royal Castle, Supreme Court, three major squares and the Swedish Parliament.
Mol Clin Oncol. 2017 Apr;6(4):462-476. Open Access

Hardell L, Koppel T, Carlberg M, Ahonen M, Hedendahl L.
Radiofrequency radiation at Stockholm Central Railway Station in Sweden and some medical aspects on public exposure to RF fields.
Int J Oncol. 2016 Oct;49(4):1315-1324. Open Access

Söderqvist F, Carlberg M, Hardell L.
Biomarkers in volunteers exposed to mobile phone radiation.
Toxicol Lett. 2015 Jun 1;235(2):140-6. Abstract

Söderqvist F, Carlberg M, Zetterberg H, Hardell L.
Use of wireless phones and serum β-trace protein in randomly recruited persons aged 18-65 years: a cross-sectional study.
Electromagn Biol Med. 2012 Dec;31(4):416-24. Abstract

Measurements of Radiofrequency radiation cont.

Hardell L, Söderqvist F, Carlberg M, Zetterberg H, Hansson Mild K.
Exposure to wireless phone emissions and serum beta-trace protein.
Int J Mol Med. 2010 Aug;26(2):301-6. Open Access

Söderqvist F, Hardell L, Carlberg M, Hansson Mild K.
Radiofrequency fields, transthyretin, and Alzheimer’s disease.
J Alzheimers Dis. 2010;20(2):599-606. doi: 10.3233/JAD-2010-1395. Abstract

Söderqvist F, Carlberg M, Hansson Mild K, Hardell L.
Exposure to an 890-MHz mobile phone-like signal and serum levels of S100B and transthyretin in volunteers.
Toxicol Lett. 2009 Aug 25;189(1):63-6. Abstract

Söderqvist F, Carlberg M, Hardell L.
Mobile and cordless telephones, serum transthyretin and the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier: a cross-sectional study.
Environ Health. 2009 Apr 21;8:19. Open Access

Söderqvist F, Carlberg M, Hardell L.
Use of wireless telephones and serum S100B levels: a descriptive cross-sectional study among healthy Swedish adults aged 18-65 years.
Sci Total Environ. 2009 Jan 1;407(2):798-805. Abstract

Söderqvist F, Carlberg M, Hardell L.
Use of wireless telephones and self-reported health symptoms: a population-based study among Swedish adolescents aged 15-19 years.
Environ Health. 2008 May 21;7:18. Open Access

Söderqvist F, Hardell L, Carlberg M, Hansson Mild K.
Ownership and use of wireless telephones: a population-based study of Swedish children aged 7-14 years.
BMC Public Health. 2007 Jun 11;7:105. Open Access

Electromagnetic radiation, and symptoms and illnesses

Miller AB, Sears ME, Morgan LL, Davis DL, Hardell L, Oremus M, Soskolne CL.
Risks to Health and Well-Being From Radio-Frequency Radiation Emitted by Cell Phones and Other Wireless Devices.
Front Public Health. 2019;7:223. Open Access

Sage C, Hardell L.
Fatal collision? Are wireless headsets a risk in treating patients?
Electromagn Biol Med. 2018;1-5. Abstract

Electromagnetic radiation, and symptoms and illnesses cont.

Hedendahl L, Carlberg M, Hardell L.
Electromagnetic hypersensitivity–an increasing challenge to the medical profession.
Rev Environ Health. 2015;30(4):209-15. doi: 10.1515/reveh-2015-0012. Review. Open Access

Hardell L, Carlberg M, Söderqvist F, Hardell K, Björnfoth H, van Bavel B, Lindström G.
Increased concentrations of certain persistent organic pollutants in subjects with self-reported electromagnetic hypersensitivity–a pilot study.
Electromagn Biol Med. 2008;27(2):197-203. Abstract

Authorities’ standpoints

Nyberg NR, McCredden JE, Weller SG, Hardell L. The European Union prioritises economics over health in the rollout of radiofrequency technologies. Reviews on Environmental Health, 2022. Open Access

Hardell L, Carlberg M.
Health risks from radiofrequency radiation, including 5G, should be assessed by experts with no conflicts of interest.
Oncol Lett. 2020;20:15. Open Access

Hardell L, Nyberg R.
Appeals that matter or not on a moratorium on the deployment of the fifth generation, 5G, for microwave radiation.
Molecular and Clinical Oncology 2020; https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2020.1984. Open Access

Authorities’ standpoints cont.

Belpomme D, Hardell L, Belyaev I, Burgio E, Carpenter DO.
Thermal and non-thermal health effects of low intensity non-ionizing radiation: An international perspective.
Environ Pollut. 2018;242:643-658. Abstract

Hardell L.
World Health Organization, radiofrequency radiation and health – a hard nut to crack (Review).
Int J Oncol. 2017;51:405-413. Open Access

contact

Lennart Hardell
senior consultant, cancer physician

lennart.hardell[at]environmentandcancer.com

Mikael Eriksson
senior consultant, cancer physician

mikael.eriksson[at]environmentandcancer.com

Michael Carlberg
statistician

michael.carlberg[at]environmentandcancer.com

about the foundation

About us

The Environment and Cancer Research Foundation promotes scientific research on the association between the environment and cancer and other chronic diseases.

Several forms of cancer, chronic diseases such as diabetes, different neurological conditions, chronic fatigue syndrome and psychiatric diagnoses are increasing even at lower ages. Our environment with exposure to different environmental pollutants and to radiofrequency radiation may contribute considerably and be significant factors for illness. Of special concern are new environmental pollutants and the increasing exposure to radiofrequency radiation in the environment. Long-term health effects have not been studied.

To be able to prevent the increase in disease incidence and sick-leaves, research is needed about the impact of environmental pollutants and radiofrequency radiation on human health. We are all exposed in the society today.

The Environment and Cancer Research Foundation needs your contribution, both to perform own research within the Foundation and to support other researchers within this field. It is also of importance to inform the general public about the results from scientific research regarding the impact of environment on different diseases including cancer.

We thank you for your contribution!